Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Definition

• A sex hormone disorder in which ovarian follicles fail to rupture, resulting in cystic ovarian enlargement.
• Also called Stein-Leventhal Syndrome.

Epidemiology

• A common disorder.
• More common among women in Asia.

Clinical Features

• Irregular menstrual cycle.
• Obesity.
• Hirsutism.
• Male pattern baldness.
• Subfertility or infertility.

Investigations

• Diagnosis is made usually on symptoms.
• Pelvic ultrasound scan typically shows large cystic ovaries.
• Blood tests: raised luteinizing hormone and testosterone are characteristic.

Management

• Treatment depends on symptoms and whether or not the patient wants to conceive.
• Spironolactone may help hirsutism.
• Oral contraceptive pill to help regulate menstrual cycles.
• Clomiphene may be used to induce ovulation in women wishing to conceive.
• Surgical treatment involving wedge resection of the ovary may rarely be indicated.

Key Points

• Patients are at increased risk of endometrial cancer.
• Weight loss may be beneficial.

Disclaimer: Above information is only for knowledge purpose.Consult Your physician before starting any treatment.

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