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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Definition

  • A sex hormone disorder in which ovarian follicles fail to rupture, resulting in cystic ovarian enlargement.
  • Also called Stein-Leventhal Syndrome.

Epidemiology

  • A common disorder.
  • More common among women in Asia.

Clinical Features

  • Irregular menstrual cycle.
  • Obesity.
  • Hirsutism.
  • Male pattern baldness.
  • Subfertility or infertility.

Investigations

  • Diagnosis is made usually on symptoms.
  • Pelvic ultrasound scan typically shows large cystic ovaries.
  • Blood tests: raised luteinizing hormone and testosterone are characteristic.

Management

  • Treatment depends on symptoms and whether or not the patient wants to conceive.
  • Spironolactone may help hirsutism.
  • Oral contraceptive pill to help regulate menstrual cycles.
  • Clomiphene may be used to induce ovulation in women wishing to conceive.
  • Surgical treatment involving wedge resection of the ovary may rarely be indicated.

Key Points

  • Patients are at increased risk of endometrial cancer.
  • Weight loss may be beneficial.

Disclaimer: Above information is only for knowledge purpose.Consult Your physician before starting any treatment.

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